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Los bloqueadores alfa y beta son medicamentos que ayudan a regular los niveles de presión arterial en el cuerpo. Esencialmente, son agentes bloqueantes que ayudan a las venas a facilitar un flujo de sangre más suave. Dichos suplementos son útiles para combatir la hipertensión. Sin embargo, existen grandes diferencias entre los dos en términos de cómo funcionan.
Alpha vs Beta Blockers
La principal diferencia entre los bloqueadores alfa y beta es que los bloqueadores alfa causan un efecto relajante en los músculos que conduce a una circulación sanguínea suave a medida que ayudan a los vasos sanguíneos a abrirse arriba. Por otro lado, los betabloqueantes causan una reducción en la frecuencia cardíaca, lo que hace que el flujo sanguíneo se desacelere. En este caso, los vasos sanguíneos también se expanden.
Los alfabloqueantes son antagonistas de las catecolaminas en el cuerpo. Estas son una clase de hormonas que incluyen noradrenalina o noradrenalina. Dichos medicamentos son útiles en el tratamiento de enfermedades como la hipertensión, la disfunción eréctil, la HPB e incluso la enfermedad de Raynaud. Su función principal es unirse con receptores presentes en las arterias y ciertos músculos.
Los betabloqueantes son otro tipo de antagonista que funciona con epinefrina o adrenalina. Sin embargo, a diferencia de los primeros, trabajan para controlar el ritmo cardíaco del cuerpo. Estos medicamentos son útiles para el tratamiento de la hipertensión, accidentes cerebrovasculares y otras enfermedades cardiovasculares. Sin embargo, los betabloqueantes no siempre son la primera opción para tales problemas.
Tabla de comparación entre bloqueadores alfa y beta
Parámetros de comparación Alfa Blockers <TAG1 de los betabloqueantes es reducir la presión arterial controlando el ritmo cardíaco, que conduce a un caudal sanguíneo más lento. Hormonas Funciona con noradrenalina o noradrenalina. Funciona con epinefrina o adrenalina. Mecanismo Solo controla el nivel de presión arterial en el cuerpo. Controla el nivel de presión arterial y frecuencia cardíaca. Efecto sobre el peso El medicamento no causa ningún aumento de peso en los usuarios. El medicamento puede causar aumento de peso en los usuarios. Usos Se usa para tratar la hipertensión, la disfunción eréctil, BPH e incluso la enfermedad de Raynaud. Se usa para tratar la hipertensión, accidentes cerebrovasculares y otras enfermedades cardiovasculares.
¿Qué son los bloqueadores alfa?
Los bloqueadores alfa son antagonistas que trabajan en la hormona noradrenalina. Esta hormona es responsable del endurecimiento de los músculos que restringe la circulación sanguínea. Los bloqueadores detienen la producción del producto químico y, por lo tanto, evitan que lo haga. Causa un efecto relajante en los músculos que conduce a un flujo sanguíneo suave.
El medicamento está disponible en dos clasificaciones – bloqueadores de acción corta y bloqueadores de acción prolongada. Como su nombre indica, los bloqueadores de acción corta hacen el trabajo de manera rápida, pero el efecto no es duradero. Los síntomas comienzan a aparecer solo unas pocas horas después de su uso. Por otro lado, los bloqueadores de acción prolongada tardan en trabajar en el cuerpo, pero tienen un efecto duradero en el paciente.
Algunos ejemplos de este tipo de suplementos incluyen terazosina, prazosina y doxazosina. Sin embargo, hay ciertos riesgos involucrados en su uso. Pueden causar efectos secundarios como debilidad, mareos, latidos cardíacos anormales, dolores de cabeza y confusión. Por lo tanto, siempre es aconsejable usarlos cuando lo prescribe un profesional médico.
Además, estos medicamentos no siempre son la primera opción para el tratamiento de tales enfermedades. Los médicos a menudo usan diuréticos que generalmente funcionan de manera mucho más efectiva. Sin embargo, en los casos en que la presión arterial es demasiado difícil de controlar, se pueden recetar alfabloqueantes en combinación con otros medicamentos.
¿Qué son los bloqueadores beta?
Al igual que los alfabloqueantes, los betabloqueantes funcionan como antagonistas pero para la adrenalina. La forma en que funcionan también es diferente. Aunque estos medicamentos apuntan a la presión arterial, su mecanismo incluye controlar también la frecuencia cardíaca. Principalmente, controlan ritmos cardíacos anormales y reducen la velocidad, lo que lleva a la apertura de los vasos sanguíneos. Esto suaviza la circulación sanguínea.
Los betabloqueantes son útiles en el tratamiento de la hipertensión, los accidentes cerebrovasculares y otras enfermedades cardiovasculares. Algunos medicamentos que son betabloqueantes incluyen bisoprolol, metoprolol, acebutolol, nebivolol, atenolol y propranolol. Sin embargo, pueden causar efectos secundarios como fatiga, problemas respiratorios, insomnio, escalofríos e incluso depresión.
Un factor importante que distingue a los betabloqueantes de los primeros, es que causa aumento de peso en los pacientes. Además, no es la primera opción de medicamentos para la presión arterial y otros problemas relacionados. Sin embargo, cuando otros suplementos no funcionan, los médicos a menudo recetan esto junto con otros medicamentos.
Fue en 1964 cuando James Black descubrió la primera forma de este medicamento. Se consideró una de las contribuciones más significativas al campo de la medicina. Funcionalmente, se sintetizó para trabajar contra los receptores beta que están presentes en las células de los músculos del corazón, los riñones, ciertos tejidos y las arterias.
Diferencias principales entre bloqueadores alfa y beta
- La función de los alfabloqueantes es reducir la presión arterial relajando los músculos que conducen a una circulación sanguínea suave, mientras que la de los betabloqueantes es reducir la presión arterial controlando el corazón ritmo, que conduce a un caudal sanguíneo más lento.
- Los bloqueadores alfa funcionan con noradrenalina o noradrenalina, mientras que los betabloqueantes funcionan con epinefrina o adrenalina.
- Los bloqueadores alfa solo controlan el nivel de presión arterial en el cuerpo, mientras que los bloqueadores beta controlan el nivel de presión arterial y la frecuencia cardíaca.
- Los bloqueadores alfa no causan ningún aumento de peso, mientras que los bloqueadores beta sí.
- Los bloqueadores alfa se usan para tratar la hipertensión, la disfunción eréctil, la HPB e incluso la enfermedad de Raynaud, mientras que los bloqueadores beta se usan para tratar la hipertensión, los accidentes cerebrovasculares y otras enfermedades cardiovasculares.
Síntesis
Los bloqueadores alfa y beta son dos antagonistas que trabajan en las hormonas en el cuerpo. Mientras que los bloqueadores alfa funcionan con noradrenalina, los bloqueadores beta funcionan con adrenalina. Una diferencia importante entre los dos es la forma en que funcionan. Mientras que los bloqueadores alfa apuntan a relajar los músculos para facilitar un flujo más suave de sangre, los bloqueadores beta apuntan a disminuir la frecuencia cardíaca. Sin embargo, ambos tienen un resultado similar que es una reducción en los niveles de presión arterial.
Además, los alfabloqueantes no causan aumento de peso en pacientes mientras que los betabloqueantes sí. Mientras que los alfabloqueantes se usan para tratar la hipertensión y otros problemas relacionados con la presión arterial, los betabloqueantes se usan para controlar ritmos cardíacos anormales y otras enfermedades cardiovasculares.
- https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.3109/10641969909061011
- https://www.bmj.com/content/288/6418/671.abstract
Contenido
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