: 24 de junio de 2022
Las dos actividades esenciales, críticas y vitales en una red informática, son el hashing y el cifrado. Cada uno de estos métodos transforma la información sin procesar en una representación digital. Cuando hash una entrada de usuario, obtienes un valor hash, y cuando lo encriptas, obtienes un hash descifrado criptográficamente, es decir, el mensaje decodificado.
Aunque cada uno de esos enfoques transfiere datos a múltiples formatos, sus mecanismos de traducción y áreas de aplicación difieren ligeramente. Y el propósito de este artículo es ayudarlo a comprender las distinciones y aplicaciones de cada una de estas nuevas herramientas.
Encriptación vs Hashing
La principal diferencia entre cifrado y hash es que el cifrado es el método para cambiar un mensaje accesible regular llamado texto sin formato en un texto sin formato o texto no legible conocido como ‘ texto cifrado. ’ Mientras que, el hash es el acto de transformar el contenido en una clave secreta utilizando un algoritmo hash, los datos reales no pueden recuperarse de ninguna manera de la clave hash.
El cifrado es la técnica de proteger información vital y confidencial, como nombres de usuario, credenciales, tarjetas bancarias e información financiera de los piratas informáticos. El texto sin formato se refiere a datos que no han sido cifrados, mientras que el texto cifrado se refiere a datos que han sido cifrados. Los hackers simplemente pueden leer el lenguaje claro, que pueden usar por razones dañinas. Si los intrusos tienen éxito en adquirir estos datos, el texto cifrado es un mensaje confuso que no podrán entender.
La técnica de cifrado se agrega en una línea de defensa sólida para proteger sus datos de phishers y hackers, especialmente cuando navega a través de redes inseguras.
Hashing, por otro lado, es una técnica de cifrado para convertir datos en texto que no se puede abrir sin un código o una clave. En realidad, la declaración es irrevocable y el documento real no se puede recuperar. Como resultado, es un procedimiento unidireccional. La misma técnica de codificación se realiza con el mensaje real y luego se compara con el texto hash para que se parezca para verificar si los datos iniciales son los mismos que el texto hash.
Tabla de comparación entre cifrado y hashing
Parámetros de comparación Encriptación <TAG1 obtener la información real; todos los demás obtienen basura. Es un método para convertir datos a un valor fijo más pequeño denominado como la clave, que luego se utiliza para simbolizar los datos originales. Seguridad Es menos seguro y más fácil de decodificar. Es más seguro y muy difícil de decodificar porque la clave en sí es la única forma de desbloquear el texto hash. Propósito El cifrado transforma los datos para mantenerlos ocultos de los demás. Para indexar y recuperar elementos de la base de datos principal de forma segura. Técnica de creación de archivos Genera una nueva clave para cada entrada e información individualmente. En la mayoría de los casos, busca producir una clave diferente para cada pieza de datos proporcionada al algoritmo hash, pero en circunstancias raras, puede crear la misma clave, que se conoce como colisión. Ejemplos RSA, AES y BlowfishMD5, SHA256
¿Qué es el cifrado?
El cifrado es la técnica de cifrado de contenido textual y otros datos de modo que solo la única parte autorizada con el descifrador pueda acceder a él. Evitará que los ladrones tengan acceso a su información personal. En las tecnologías de red actuales, este fue el método más eficiente para establecer la protección de datos.
El receptor debe tener una frase de contraseña o una clave de protección para decodificar la comunicación cifrada. El texto claro se refiere a datos que no han sido codificados, mientras que el texto cifrado se refiere a datos que han sido cifrados. Existen varios tipos de criptosistemas, los más frecuentes son la criptografía asimétrica ( también conocida como criptografía de clave pública ), cifrado simétrico y criptografía híbrida.
Un cifrado es un algoritmo utilizado y se requiere un código para desbloquear la información. El cambio César, que utiliza una clave básica, es uno de los métodos de cifrado más básicos. Una de las tecnologías de cifrado más utilizadas es RSA.
Este enfoque emplea criptografía de clave simétrica para permitir el envío de datos entre el remitente y el destinatario. Esta comunicación solo puede ser descifrada por alguien que tenga la clave pública / privada correcta. La criptografía es un sistema de comunicación bidireccional. Al final del receptor, los datos que se codificaron al final del remitente se descifran.
El objetivo principal de la sanción es evitar fugas de una persona no autorizada que desea leer u obtener material de la comunicación que no estaba destinado a él. Al entregar comunicaciones a través de Internet o cualquier otra red, el cifrado mejora la seguridad.
¿Qué es Hashing?
Hashing es la técnica de emplear un algoritmo hash para convertir grandes cantidades de datos en resultados estacionarios. Una función hash, algoritmo hash, resumen, verificación o simplemente hash es un número de longitud fija. Hashing se usa en dos aspectos principales de las aplicaciones del sistema cibernético: Primero, para determinar la autenticidad de un archivo o matriz de comunicación durante el transporte por Internet.
En segundo lugar, una tabla hash. Otra aplicación más de hashing. Una matriz hash es una tabla en la que la función hash relacionada sirve como índice de columna y los datos reales sirven como valor. Hashing es un esquema de cifrado unidireccional en el que una función hash no se puede decodificar para revelar el texto sin formato subyacente.
El hashing es un método de cifrado de datos que se transfiere entre las partes involucradas. Los PIN son seguros incluso si se produce un compromiso de privacidad ya que las credenciales se convierten en valores hash.
Al identificar todas las alteraciones y luego cambiar a una salida hash, se está utilizando hash para autenticar la integridad del material. La criptografía es una técnica de codificación de datos para proteger el secreto y la seguridad de los datos. Para convertir reversiblemente material cifrado a texto claro, se necesita una clave secreta. En pocas palabras, la criptografía es un mecanismo bidireccional que cifra y descifra datos, mientras que el hash es un proceso unidireccional que convierte el texto sin formato en una secuencia única irrevocable.
Diferencias principales entre cifrado y hashing
- El cifrado detecta automáticamente para transformar un texto en un formato que se puede descifrar usando una tecla para revelar la letra inicial. No hay forma de recuperar un mensaje hash una vez que se ha transformado.
- El cifrado es una operación bidireccional, mientras que el hash es una operación unidireccional.
- La técnica de cifrado es menos segura que la técnica de hashing.
- El remitente puede obtener el texto original al final del destinatario con criptografía, lo que no es factible con el hash. Para recuperar el mensaje, deberá utilizar un enfoque de fuerza bruta.
- Los ejemplos de cifrado son RSA, AES y Blowfish, mientras que los ejemplos de hashing incluyen MD5, SHA256, etc.
Síntesis
Para mantener los datos a salvo de los estafadores, se utilizan métodos de cifrado y hash. Sin embargo, en cada caso dado, ambos métodos funcionan de manera diferente. Aunque el hash protege los datos de prácticamente todos los tipos de ataques, es difícil de implementar. Como resultado, el cifrado es más factible que el hash en la mayoría de las circunstancias. Su efectividad, por otro lado, varía según el escenario. Como resultado, dependiendo del escenario, debe elegir entre las dos técnicas.
- https://searchsqlserver.techtarget.com/definition/hashing
- https://www.kaspersky.co.in/resource-center/definitions/encryption
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