: 29 de enero de 2022
La participación de las partes interesadas y los socios está muy extendida en el mundo del comercio, la economía y los negocios. Entre estos, se usan con frecuencia dos términos utilizados regularmente, partes interesadas principales y secundarias. La función de una parte interesada es bastante sencilla, pero la distinción entre las dos categorías de partes interesadas es fundamental para comprender si se desea ingresar al mundo del comercio y la industria.
Este artículo se centra en las distinciones y diferencias clave entre las partes interesadas primarias y secundarias para ayudarlo a clasificarlas y enfatizar la importancia de sus roles en el desarrollo de una empresa u organización.
Partes interesadas primarias vs partes interesadas secundarias
La principal diferencia entre las partes interesadas primarias y las partes interesadas secundarias es que las partes interesadas principales se comprometen por sí mismas – interés y beneficio de la empresa únicamente, mientras que las partes interesadas secundarias con frecuencia contribuyen para un mejor propósito o el mayor bien de los consumidores también. En comparación con las partes interesadas clave ( primarias ), se cree que las partes interesadas secundarias son menos significativas, porque el objetivo principal de las partes interesadas principales es obtener ganancias de sus inversiones y mantener los motores funcionando para la empresa u organización.
Los participantes, grupos y entidades que participan en las transacciones generales de una empresa se consideran partes interesadas principales. Esto indica que tienen una participación financiera en el funcionamiento de una empresa. Las principales partes interesadas son aquellas que tienen una participación directa en las operaciones de una empresa u organización. Por lo general, estas partes interesadas ponen su dinero en la empresa directamente. Los accionistas, trabajadores, consumidores, proveedores, vendedores y socios comerciales son solo algunos ejemplos de componentes principales.
Las partes interesadas secundarias son mucho menos esenciales que las partes interesadas involucradas, pero no son del todo poco importantes, por lo tanto, las empresas deben intentar mantenerlas. Sin embargo, muchas partes interesadas secundarias, como los estados y las agencias tributarias, pueden convertirse en partes interesadas importantes como resultado de su autoridad e influencia sobre la organización corporativa. Una empresa debe tomar nota de los intereses de dichos accionistas externos y mantener contacto con ellos para garantizar que estén satisfechos en la mayor medida posible en el mejor interés de la empresa.
Tabla de comparación entre partes interesadas primarias y partes interesadas secundarias
Parámetros de comparación Partes interesadas primarias
2. Una organización debe asegurarse de mapear con éxito a sus partes interesadas clave para satisfacer las necesidades del cliente y actuar de acuerdo con sus solicitudes. 1. Las partes interesadas secundarias son importantes para una empresa, ya que tienen un impacto en su identidad y en cómo el mercado percibe la marca u organización.
2. A veces, las partes interesadas secundarias actúan como la comunidad de relaciones públicas de la compañía y ayudan a mantener la reputación de la organización durante los períodos de crisis y recesión. Funciones Mantienen principalmente las ventas, acciones y ganancias de la compañía u organización. Contribuyen a las finanzas de la compañía y ayudan a las principales partes interesadas a equilibrar la organización. Ejemplos Accionistas, trabajadores, administradores, clientes y proveedores.Gobiernos, organizaciones de noticias, organizaciones de cabildeo y sindicatos, etc.
¿Qué son las partes interesadas primarias?
Las partes interesadas primarias confían en una organización para obtener ingresos y riesgos y se aseguran si son personas que facilitan el trabajo y obtienen un salario o entidades de inversión fuertes. Como resultado, los principales clientes se conocen como tales, ya que sus gastos son sensibles al tiempo – y sus acciones pueden tener un impacto tangible en qué tan bien funciona una organización a diario.
Ya sea que hayan contribuido con efectivo para ayudar al desarrollo de su negocio o que sean trabajadores que dependen de sus salarios para cubrir sus costos, las principales partes interesadas pueden haber tenido una gran participación en su empresa. Sus elecciones pueden tener un impacto en sus ganancias. Si la empresa decide crecer, las principales partes interesadas se expanden con ella. Los inversores y prestamistas pueden considerar esto como un peligro para sus ganancias, pero los empleados pueden verlo como algo positivo si mejora sus posibilidades.
Las personas que se han mantenido leales a la empresa, especialmente aquellas en puestos de poder, tal vez se consideren accionistas importantes. Si tienen un acreedor o inversor que ha creído en su empresa desde el principio, ese prestamista se llamaría la principal parte interesada principal ya que el individuo tiene un papel constante como inversión en la empresa.
Incluyen ejemplos de partes interesadas primarias o centrales; Accionistas, trabajadores, administradores, clientes y proveedores.
¿Qué son las partes interesadas secundarias?
Las personas, grupos o entidades que participan en una transacción cultural integrada que afecta indirectamente a la organización se denominan partes interesadas secundarias. Las partes interesadas secundarias generalmente no participan en las transacciones monetarias de una empresa.
El paradigma de las partes interesadas secundarias es menos directo que el de las principales partes interesadas. Hay muchas partes interesadas secundarias en casi cualquier compañía en particular, y identificarlas podría ser difícil incluso si expresan de manera proactiva sus preocupaciones.
Las partes interesadas secundarias pueden no tener intereses estrechos en las operaciones continuas de una organización, sin embargo, pueden tener un impacto significativo en sus decisiones. Además, si bien las partes interesadas secundarias rara vez son necesarias para la supervivencia o el logro de objetivos inmediatos de una organización, pueden ejercer poder sobre eso.
Esta sección de partes interesadas involucra estructuras como los gobiernos, las organizaciones de noticias, las organizaciones de cabildeo y los sindicatos.
Las partes interesadas secundarias tienen suficiente influencia para tener un impacto en el futuro del negocio. Los competidores, por ejemplo, podrían robar la cuota de mercado produciendo artículos de mayor calidad – a un costo menor. Los sindicatos pueden ejercer presión sobre la empresa para mejorar las prácticas laborales de sus empleados. Si la empresa no sigue la ley y las regulaciones, el gobierno o el regulador pueden cerrar el negocio. Si hay rumores en la industria, los grupos de medios pueden difamar a la empresa y a la mercancía.
Diferencias principales entre las partes interesadas primarias y las partes interesadas secundarias
- Las partes interesadas primarias se consideran más importantes que las partes interesadas secundarias.
- Las partes interesadas primarias exigen éxito e invierten solo para obtener ganancias, mientras que las partes interesadas secundarias también invierten para un mayor bien y relaciones públicas.
- Las partes interesadas principales incluyen trabajadores, administradores, clientes y proveedores, mientras que las partes interesadas secundarias consisten en gobiernos, organizaciones de noticias, organizaciones de cabildeo, etc.
- Las partes interesadas primarias invierten más tiempo y capital en nutrir la organización que las partes interesadas secundarias.
- Las partes interesadas primarias suelen ser de naturaleza radical y abierta, mientras que las partes interesadas secundarias son de naturaleza compuesta y neutral. La organización se asegura de no entrar en el lado malo de las partes interesadas secundarias, ya que mantienen la reputación de la empresa.
Síntesis
Todas las empresas tienen un conjunto de partes interesadas que están conectadas a él de alguna manera. Estas partes interesadas difieren en términos de la cantidad de apalancamiento que tienen sobre la empresa dependiendo de sus diversos puestos.
Las empresas utilizan diferentes métodos, como el Modelo de Pirámide de Mendelow y el Proceso de Modelado de Partes Interesadas Atentional, para dividir sus componentes en categorías. Los criterios principales para el análisis de las partes interesadas y la evaluación de su impacto en la organización se basan en dos factores básicos: la participación de un interesado en las operaciones de la organización y la influencia política y social que tiene sobre la organización y sus acciones.
Y en adelante, el papel de las partes interesadas primarias y secundarias es crucial para mantener las diversas dimensiones de la organización.
- https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/stakeholder.asp#:~:text=The%20primary%20stakeholders%20in%20a,%2C%20governments%2C%20and%20trade%20associations.
- https://www.managers.org.uk/~/media/Files/Campus%20CMI/Checklists%20Managerial/Stakeholder%20analysis%20and%20management.ashx#:~:text=The%20list%20of%20secondary%20stakeholders,trade%20unions%20community%20groups%20landlords.
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