: 24 de junio de 2022
Cuando se trata de ISO, puede describirse como una federación mundial de organismos de normalización a nivel nacional. Es un gobierno no – que consiste en estándares a través de aproximadamente más de 160 países, junto con una representación de cuerpo de estándares de cada país miembro. Por ejemplo, Estados Unidos está representado por el American National Standards Institute.
Para desarrollar estándares, la ISO tiene procesos de seis etapas, a saber, propuesta, preparatoria, comité, investigación, aprobación y etapa de publicación. Existen varias normas ISO como ISO 9001, ISO 22000, ISO 13485 y muchas más. En este artículo, el objetivo principal es diferenciar ISO 14001 e ISO 45001.
ISO 14001 vs ISO 45001
La principal diferencia entre ISO 14001 e ISO 45001 es que reducir la contaminación, el consumo de energía y el desperdicio de una organización es el objetivo principal de ISO 14001. Por otro lado, el estándar de ISO 45001 es ofrecer un marco para manejar las responsabilidades de seguridad y salud y también reducir las enfermedades y lesiones en el lugar de trabajo.
La norma ISO 14001 ayuda a identificar los objetivos y determinar los recursos y procesos necesarios para gestionar el impacto en el medio ambiente. EMS o simplemente el Sistema de Gestión Ambiental ayuda a implementarlo. Los beneficios que comprende son una mejor toma de decisiones organizativas, una mejor satisfacción del cliente y un mejor perfil público.
La ISO 45001 es estándar a nivel internacional para el sistema de gestión OH & S. En 2018, se actualizó por última vez y establece el requisito de organización, principalmente buscando implementar un sistema de gestión de OH&S. También ofrece orientación para su uso en el medio ambiente todos los días.
Tabla de comparación entre ISO 14001 e ISO 45001
Parámetros de comparación ISO 14001 1945
¿Qué es ISO 14001?
ISO 14001 es una familia estándar vinculada a la gestión ambiental que existe principalmente para las organizaciones de ayuda. Puede, de tres maneras, como minimizar cómo sus operaciones afectan negativamente el medio ambiente, cumplir con las regulaciones, las leyes aplicables y otros requisitos orientados al medio ambiente, y finalmente mejorar continuamente en lo anterior.
Los requisitos de ISO 14001 son una parte fundamental del EMAS o simplemente del Esquema de Economía y Auditoría de la Unión Europea. El material y la estructura del EMAS son más exigentes, principalmente en relación con el cumplimiento legal, las tareas de presentación de informes y la mejora del rendimiento. ISO 14001: 2015 es la versión actual de ISO 14001.
La serie de ISO 14001 se basa en un enfoque voluntario para la regulación del medio ambiente. La serie comprende el estándar ISO 14001 que ofrece pautas para la mejora o el establecimiento del EMS. Con su predecesor, a saber, ISO 9000, el estándar comparte muchos rasgos comunes, es el estándar internacional de la gestión de calidad y sirvió como modelo de su estructura interna.
ISO 14001 se conoce como el estándar del sistema de gestión de significado genérico que para cualquier organización es relevante tratar de administrar y mejorar los recursos de manera más efectiva. Generalmente comprende empresas con organizaciones de servicios de alto riesgo a bajo riesgo -, un solo sitio para grandes empresas multinacionales y muchas más.
¿Qué es ISO 45001?
La ISO 45001 es el estándar de SSO de un sistema de administración ISO que se lanzó en marzo de 2018. El objetivo de ISO 45001 es reducir las enfermedades y lesiones ocupacionales, que comprenden proteger y promover el bienestar mental y físico -. La norma tiene raíces en los reglamentos y convenios de OHAS 18001 de la OIT y las normas nacionales.
A partir de marzo de 2021, las organizaciones y empresas han realizado la migración a ISO 45001 para mantener la certificación de validación, mientras que el período de transición se ha ampliado por ISO hasta aproximadamente seis meses para las organizaciones comúnmente afectadas por COVID – 19. Acompaña la estructura en un nivel superior de otras normas ISO, lo que facilita la integración de estas normas.
En octubre de 2013, se sugirió la ISO 45001 en ISO. En 2013, el modelado del comité ISO / PC 283 se acordó y tenía la responsabilidad de los procesos de estandarización directa. Cuando se trata del procedimiento de redacción, al menos 70 países lo soportan. El comité, así como el trabajo de preparación, se llevaron a cabo hasta diciembre de 2015.
Además, en un segundo borrador, fue revisado, que fue aclarado y aceptado en un borrador final. El voto del favor obtenido estándar es de aproximadamente 62, abstenciones de nueve y, por fin, cuatro votos contra Turquía, India y Francia. En marzo de 2018, el estándar finalmente se publicó.
Diferencias principales entre ISO 14001 e ISO 45001
- ISO 14001 tiene disposiciones relativas a la gestión e identificación de aspectos medioambientales. Por el contrario, ISO 45001 comprende controles de factores sociales que influyen en los empleados, como las horas de trabajo, la carga de trabajo e incluso la intimidación.
- Los elementos clave incluidos en la norma ISO 14001 agregan revisión de gestión, implementación y operación, verificación, política ambiental y acción correctiva. En contraste, la evolución del desempeño, el apoyo, la mejora, el contexto de la organización y la participación de los trabajadores son algunos de los elementos clave de ISO 45001.
- Los beneficios de usar ISO 14001 son desperdicio reducido, cumplimiento legal, ventaja competitiva, costos de seguro reducidos y mayor reputación con los consumidores. Por otro lado, la coherencia, la mejora de la supervisión administrativa, el aumento de la confianza, la mejora de la seguridad individual y la evaluación preventiva de riesgos son algunos de los beneficios de ISO 45001.
- ISO 14001 establece los criterios del sistema de gestión ambiental y puede certificarse. t también traza un marco que una organización o empresa puede seguir. Por otro lado, ISO 45001 especifica OH & amp; S requisito del sistema de gestión y también proporciona su guía de uso.
- El objetivo principal de ISO 14001 es reducir la contaminación, el consumo de energía y el desperdicio de una organización. Mientras tanto, el estándar de ISO 45001 es reducir las enfermedades y lesiones en el lugar de trabajo y ofrecer un marco para manejar las responsabilidades de seguridad y salud.
Síntesis
Se puede concluir que tanto ISO 14001 como ISO 45001 son dos de los ISO que pueden describirse como una federación mundial de organismos estándar a nivel nacional. El origen de ISO 14001 se remonta a 1996. Por el contrario, el origen de ISO 45001 se remonta a marzo de 2018. Cuando se trata de compromiso, ISO 14001 se ha comprometido con el medio ambiente.
Mientras tanto, ISO 45001 se ha comprometido con sus empleados. El creador de ISO 14001 fue la organización internacional de estandarización o simplemente ISO. En contraste, Kristian Glaesel es la creadora de ISO 45001. La gestión de ISO 14001 se realiza en temas ambientales, mientras que los problemas de salud y seguridad ocupacional son la gestión realizada por la ISO 45001.
- https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1467-6486.00370
- http://ur.aeu.edu.my/id/eprint/747
Contenido
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